Guide on Key Design Principles

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      1. Balance: Distribution of visual weight in a design. A balanced design feels stable and harmonious, with elements arranged in a way that creates a sense of equilibrium. There are two types of balance: symmetrical and asymmetrical.
      2. Contrast: Difference between two or more elements in a design. Contrast can be created through color, size, shape, texture, or any other visual element. Contrast helps create visual interest and can make elements stand out.
      3. Emphasis: Area of a design that is meant to draw the viewer’s attention. Emphasis can be created through color, size, contrast, or any other visual element.
      4. Unity: Cohesive relationship between all the elements in a design. Unity can be achieved through the use of a common color palette, typography, or visual style.
      5. Hierarchy: Organization of elements in a design, with more important elements being given greater prominence. Hierarchy helps guide the viewer’s eye through the design and can communicate important information.
      6. Proportion: Relationship between the sizes of elements in a design. Proportion can be used to create a sense of harmony and balance, or to create contrast and visual interest.
      7. Scale: Size of elements in a design relative to each other and to the overall size of the design. Scale can be used to create a sense of hierarchy and to guide the viewer’s eye through the design.
      8. Color: Powerful tool in design, and can be used to create mood, evoke emotion, and communicate meaning. Color palettes should be carefully chosen to create a sense of unity and to support the overall design.
      9. Typography: Fonts and typefaces in a design. Typography can be used to create hierarchy, establish mood, and communicate meaning.
      10. White space: White space (also known as negative space) refers to the empty areas between elements in a design. White space is important for creating balance and allowing elements to breathe.
      11. Alignment: Placement of elements in a design, creating a sense of order and structure. Proper alignment can make a design feel polished and professional.
      12. Repetition: Recurring elements in a design. Repetition can be used to create rhythm and unity, and to reinforce the overall visual style.
      13. Movement: Visual flow of a design, guiding the viewer’s eye through the design and creating a sense of motion or energy.
      14. Symmetry: Use of balance and mirrored elements in a design. Symmetry can create a sense of stability and order.
      15. Asymmetry: Use of unbalanced and non-mirrored elements in a design. Asymmetry can create a sense of energy and dynamism.
      16. Functionality: Usability and practicality of a design, ensuring that it is functional and meets the needs of the user.
      17. User-centered design: Refers to designing with the needs and wants of the user in mind, creating a design that is intuitive and easy to use.
      18. Accessibility: Designing for people with disabilities, ensuring that a design is usable and understandable for all users.
      19. Minimalism: Design style that emphasizes simplicity, using a limited color palette and minimal elements to create a clean and uncluttered look.
      20. Skeuomorphism: A design style that involves using digital elements that mimic the look and feel of real-world objects or materials. For example, a digital calendar app that features a design that resembles a physical desk calendar, complete with faux leather texture and torn paper edges. This approach to design is used to create a sense of familiarity and comfort for users, who are accustomed to physical objects and materials. It has been popular in digital design in the past, but it has become less prevalent in recent years as designers have shifted towards flatter and more minimalist designs. This is due in part to the rise of mobile devices, which require designs that are simple and easy to navigate on small screens. Some designers still use skeuomorphism to create a sense of nostalgia or playfulness in their designs.
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