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- Aperture: The opening in the lens through which light passes. The size of the aperture is measured in f-stops.
- Shutter speed: The length of time the camera’s shutter remains open when taking a picture.
- ISO: A measure of the camera sensor’s sensitivity to light.
- Exposure: The amount of light that reaches the camera’s sensor, determined by the combination of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
- Depth of field: The range of distances in a photograph that are in focus.
- Focal length: The distance between the lens and the camera’s image sensor when the lens is focused on infinity.
- Composition: The arrangement of elements in a photograph.
- White balance: The adjustment of the camera’s settings to account for different lighting conditions.
- Raw format: A file format that captures all the data recorded by the camera’s sensor, allowing for greater flexibility in post-processing.
- Megapixel: A measure of the resolution of a camera’s sensor, measured in millions of pixels.
- Lens: The piece of glass that focuses light onto the camera’s sensor.
- Bokeh: The aesthetic quality of the blur in the out-of-focus parts of an image, can be smooth or harsh.
- Histogram: A graph that displays the distribution of light in an image.
- Flash: A device that emits a burst of light to illuminate a subject.
- Focus: The adjustment of the lens to achieve a sharp image.
- Shutter release: The button on the camera that activates the shutter and takes a photo.
- Exposure compensation: The adjustment of the camera’s settings to compensate for underexposure or overexposure.
- White point: The point in an image that represents pure white.
- Black point: The point in an image that represents pure black.
- Zoom lens: A lens that can adjust the focal length to magnify or shrink the image.
- Prime lens: A lens with a fixed focal length that cannot be adjusted.
- Sensor: The part of the camera that records the image, typically an electronic image sensor.
- Tripod: A three-legged stand that provides stability for the camera.
- Polarizer: A filter that reduces reflections and glare in photos.
- Exposure meter: A device that measures the amount of light and helps to set the correct exposure settings.
- RAW: A file format that captures all the data recorded by the camera’s sensor, without any compression or processing.
- JPEG: A compressed file format commonly used in digital photography.
- Rule of thirds: A compositional guideline that suggests dividing the image into thirds both horizontally and vertically, and placing the subject at the intersection of these lines.
- Contrast: The difference between the lightest and darkest parts of an image.
- Saturation: The intensity of the colors in an image.
- Depth of field preview: A button on the camera that allows you to see how the image will look with a specific aperture setting.
- Auto-focus: A camera feature that automatically adjusts the focus to keep the subject in focus.
- Burst mode: A camera feature that allows you to take multiple photos in quick succession.
- Chromatic aberration: The color fringing that occurs in photos due to lens imperfections.
- Diffuser: A device that softens the light and reduces harsh shadows in photos.
- Exposure bracketing: A technique in which the camera takes multiple photos at different exposure levels to ensure the correct exposure.
- Macro photography: Photography that focuses on close-up images of small subjects.
- Noise: The random speckling that appears in digital images, caused by high ISO settings or low light conditions.
- Polarizing filter: A filter that reduces glare and reflections and enhances color saturation.
- RAW converter: A software application that converts RAW image files into viewable images.
- Spot metering: A camera metering mode that measures the light at a specific point in the frame.
- Tilt-shift lens: A lens that allows you to shift or tilt the plane of focus, creating a unique effect.
- Vignetting: A darkening of the corners of an image, caused by lens or filter obstructions.
- Wide-angle lens: A lens with a shorter focal length that captures a wider field of view.
- Zoom lens: A lens that can change the focal length to zoom in or out on a subject.
- White balance: The adjustment of the camera’s settings to correct for color temperature.
- Graduated filter: A filter that darkens the top or bottom of an image to balance exposure.
- Hot shoe: The mount on the top of the camera where an external flash can be attached.
- Image sensor: The component in the camera that converts light into an electronic signal.
- Image stabilization: A feature that reduces camera shake, allowing for sharper images.
- Fisheye lens: An ultra-wide-angle lens that produces a distorted, spherical image.
- In-camera processing: The camera’s ability to adjust settings and process images without the use of external software.
- Long exposure: A technique that involves leaving the shutter open for an extended period to capture motion blur or light trails.
- Manual mode: A camera setting that allows the photographer to adjust all exposure settings manually.
- ND filter: A filter that reduces the amount of light entering the lens, allowing for longer shutter speeds or wider apertures.
- Panning: A technique where the camera moves with a moving subject, resulting in a blurred background and a sharp subject.
- Reflector: A device that reflects light onto the subject, creating a more balanced light and reducing harsh shadows.
- Remote trigger: A device that allows the photographer to trigger the camera’s shutter from a distance.
- Telephoto lens: A lens with a longer focal length that magnifies the subject and compresses the image.
- UV filter: A filter that reduces ultraviolet light and protects the lens from scratches and dust.
- Aspect ratio: The proportion of the width to the height of an image.
- Bokeh balls: The circular out-of-focus areas in an image, which can create a pleasing background effect.
- Catchlight: The reflection of light in a subject’s eyes, which adds depth and dimension to the image.
- Flash sync speed: The maximum shutter speed that can be used when using a flash.
- Hyperfocal distance: The distance at which the lens can be focused to achieve maximum depth of field.
- Metering mode: The method the camera uses to determine the correct exposure settings.
- Softbox: A device that diffuses light and creates a soft, even light source.
- TTL: Through-the-lens metering, which measures the light through the camera’s lens to determine the correct exposure.
- Wide-open aperture: The widest aperture setting available on a lens, which allows the most light to enter the camera and creates a shallow depth of field.
- Zoom ratio: The difference between the shortest and longest focal lengths on a zoom lens.
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